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Urine Strip Analyzer
Urine strip analyzer is an affordable, reliable, CLIA waived machine with LCD display screen and thermal printer. It has a 1,000 test memory capacity great for physician offices. The analyzer reads CTMI2, 4, & 10 parameter test strips.
Interpretation Chemical Testing of Urine:
Glucose: In general the presence of glucose indicates that the filtered load of glucose exceeds the maximal tubular reabsorptive capacity for glucose. In diabetes mellitus, urine testing for glucose is often substituted for blood glucose monitoring.
Bilirubin: Bilirubin in the urine indicates the presence of liver disease or biliary obstruction. Very low amounts of Bilirubin can be detected in the urine even when serum levels are below the clinical detection of jaundice.
Ketone: Urine testing only detects acetoacetic acid and not the other ketones. In ketoacidosis (insulin deficiency or starvation), it can be present in large amounts in the urine before any elevation in plasma levels.
Specific Gravity: The specific gravity is a convenient index of urine concentration. It measures density and is only an approximate guide to the true concentration. A sp. gr. of < 1.010 is consistent with a concentrating defect. A sp. gr. of > 1.025, in the absence of protein, glucose, and other large molecular weight substances such as contrast media, usually indicates normal renal concentration and makes chronic renal insufficiency unlikely.
Blood: When the urine tests positive for blood, it is necessary to differentiate between red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin, and myoglobin. The presence of large numbers of RBCs in the urine sediment establishes the diagnosis of hematuria. If the dipstick is more strongly positive than would be expected from the number of RBCs, then the possibility of hemoglobinuria or myoglobinuria should be considered
pH: The urine pH should be recorded, although it is seldom of diagnostic value. Phosphates will precipitate in an alkaline urine, and uric acid in acidic urine. Note: If proper procedure is not followed and excess urine remains on the strip, "run over" may occur in which the acid buffer from the protein reagent will run onto the pH area, causing a falsely low pH result.
Protein: The test for protein is very convenient but less reliable than other methods because the reagent is more sensitive to albumin than to globulins, hemoglobin and other proteins. Heavy proteinuria usually represents an abnormality in the glomerular filtration barrier; because the reagent predominantly measures albumin.
Urobilinogen: Urinary Urobilinogen is increased in any condition that causes an increase in the production of Bilirubin.
Nitrite: This test depends on the conversion of nitrate (derived from the diet) to nitrite by the action of organisms in the urine, principally Gram Negative bacteria containing the necessary reductase.
Leukocytes: Provides indirect evidence for the presence of infection.
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